THE HINDU Editorial Vocabulary- January 18, 2018 - Topic 1

No extra year for Maithripala Sirisena

The Sri Lankan Supreme Court’s ruling that President Maithripala Sirisena’s term will end when he completes five years in office comes as no surprise. What was surprising was how such a doubt had arisen in the first place. Mr. Sirisena, who was elected President in January 2015, had wanted the court to clarify whether he would have a six-year term as the law stood on election day or whether it would be five years in accordance with the 19th constitutional amendment adopted in April 2015. 

That the Sri Lankan President could suddenly harbour such a doubt is inexplicable given his frequent assertions that he was that rare head of state who had voluntarily agreed to a shortening of his tenure. It is the National Unity government that he heads along with Prime Minister Ranil Wickremesinghe that brought in the amendment containing provisions that considerably dilute the powers of the executive presidency. Second, the amendment has a clear, unambiguous transitional provision that the incumbent President and Prime Minister will continue to hold their respective offices “subject to the provisions of the Constitution as amended by this Act”. There appears to be an unfortunate trend in Sri Lanka of presidents using constitutional provisions for political ends. Mr. Sirisena’s predecessor, Mahinda Rajapaksa, had sought the court’s opinion on whether there was any impediment to his contesting a third term. Another former president, Chandrika Kumaratunga, had a ‘secret’ swearing-in one year into her second term, but the court denied her bid for an extra year in office.

Even though Mr. Sirisena’s supporters say he was exercising his right to approach the Supreme Court for a clarification based on a valid doubt, the rationale behind his reference could only have been political. He was obviously looking for a loophole that would give him another year in office. If he had an extra year, his term would go on till early 2021, and he would still be president at the time of the next parliamentary election, due in 2020. Mr. Sirisena possibly thought he needed more time to consolidate his position in the power-sharing arrangement between his Sri Lanka Freedom Party and Mr. Wickremesinghe’s United National Party, as well as with respect to the joint opposition that backs Mr. Rajapaksa. The developments come at a time when there are signs of a strain in the coalition. The SLFP and UNP are set to contest next month’s local government polls separately. The President recently unveiled the findings of an inquiry into a bond scam that has indicted a UNP minister as well as the Central Bank governor, an appointee of Mr. Wickremesinghe. Far from strengthening his position, Mr. Sirisena has ended up looking desperate to remain in office. He could have done without this setback to his image.

Vocabulary

Arisen: emerge; become apparent.

Example: New difficulties had arisen

Synonyms: come to light, become apparent, appear

Harbour: keep a thought or feeling, typically a negative one in one's mind, especially secretly.

Example: She started to harbor doubts about the wisdom of their journey

Synonyms: bear, nurse, nurture, cherish, entertain, foster

Inexplicable: unable to be explained or accounted for.

Example: For some inexplicable reason her mind went completely blank

Synonyms: unaccountable, unexplainable, incomprehensible, unfathomable

Antonyms: interpretable, explainable, explicable

Assertion: a confident and forceful statement of fact or belief.

Example: His assertion that his father had deserted the family

Synonyms: declaration, contention, statement, claim, opinion, proclamation

Antonyms: bashfulness, confusion, consternation, dismay, distrust

Dilute: make a liquid thinner or weaker by adding water or another solvent to it.

Example: Bleach can be diluted with cold water

Synonyms: make weaker, weaken, water down, thin out, thin

Unambiguous: not open to more than one interpretation.

Example: Instructions should be unambiguous

Synonyms: unambiguous, definitive, univocal, unequivocal

Antonyms: uncertain, left-handed, double-barrelled, double-edged

Transitional: relating to or characteristic of a process or period of transition.

Example: A transitional government was appointed

Synonyms: changeover, interim, changing, fluid, in flux, unsettled

Impediment: a hindrance or obstruction in doing something.

Example: A serious impediment to scientific progress

Synonyms: hindrance, obstruction, obstacle, barrier, bar, block, handicap

Antonyms: advantage, aid, assistance, benefit, help

Clarification: the action of making a statement or situation less confused and more comprehensible.

Example: Please advise us if you require further clarification

Synonyms: miniature, illuminance, illumination, clarification

Rationale: a set of reasons or a logical basis for a course of action or a particular belief.

Example: He explained the rationale behind the change

Synonyms: reasons, reasoning, thinking, logic, grounds, sense, principle

Strain: a force tending to pull or stretch something to an extreme or damaging degree.

Example: The usual type of chair puts an enormous strain on the spine

Synonyms: tension, tightness, tautness

Antonyms: unlax, relax, loosen up, make relaxed, unstrain

Unveiled: remove a veil or covering from, especially uncover (a new monument or work of art) as part of a public ceremony.

Example: The mayor unveiled a plaque

Antonyms: veiled

Indicted: formally accuse of or charge with a serious crime.

Example: His former manager was indicted for fraud

Synonyms: charge with, accuse of, arraign for, take to court for, put on trial for

Desperate: feeling, showing, or involving a hopeless sense that a situation is so bad as to be impossible to deal with.

Example: A desperate sadness enveloped Ruth

Synonyms: despairing, hopeless, anguished, distressed, wretched, desolate

Antonyms: cowardly, beseeching, imploring, fearful, hopeful